Luckily Nuxt uses webpack-bundle-analyzer so we can simply add the following to our nuxt.config.js under the build property. Install Next Bundle Analyzer There is a tool called Next Bundle Analyzer I used to visualize and take a more detailed look at the the size of various parts of my application. Even better, we can dig into these metrics and Lighthouse will give us some great tips on what we can improve, and how to do it. he/him, Functional Programming Unit Testing in Node Part 1: Ground Rules, Export, and Server Control, A Guide to the 20 Best VSCode Extensions for Frontend Developers, How to Avoid Runtime Errors for Frontend Development, Angular vs. ReactA Short Guide On Their Main Difference in 2022 [Update January], over three times larger than in 2010 alone, Pinterest increased search engine traffic and sign-ups by 15%, The BBC found they lost an additional 10% of users, decrease in homepage load speed worked out to a 1.11% increase. First things first we need to find out why our vendor bundle is so big in the first place. The size of the statistics page without the shared js is 371kB, which makes me suspect either there is some component with an enormous amount of code or includes some external client-side library which is not lazy-loaded. Lazy loading is the solution. If moment.js is used in the project, replacing it with day.js can immediately reduce the size of JSBundle without losing any functionality. With every additional second of wait time, the user is more likely to close the tab. The amount of JS shared by all is shown as a separate metric.. How many concentration saving throws does a spellcaster moving through Spike Growth need to make? Shaving 30% of the bundle size by simply making smarter choices when it comes to library selection of feature implementation seems crazy. I have to admit that improving lodash imports had a marginal impact. Check out the following example called SimpleBarChartDynamic to see how to set it up: Now instead of using the chart component directly, we simply use the dynamic component: From the information below, you may notice I have a dynamic import for a SimpleBarChart, AreaChart, and a PieChart, which are all smaller than 1 kB. Before I added AnyChart to these pages, they were both 70.8 kB. I will use the AnyChart library as an example more specifically, the AnyChart-React library. Basically, we are creating a wrapper around the AnyChart chart(s). Some components will be loaded on the client resulting in layout shift or poorer performances. When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. What is the legal case for someone getting arrested publicizing information about nuclear weapons deduced from public knowledge. The following table shows how our different actions impacted the bundle size or the performance score. Beginners Shouldn't Learn React. Analyzing the bundle is by far the task that took me the longest. The size for each route only includes its dependencies. How to reduce bundle size of first load page in Next.js? The best part is that these tools are built into Chrome now and are crazy easy to use! Did you try with dynamic imports or lazy loading your components on this page? The approaches outlined in this article can be used with any third-party library to decrease the file size of your Next.js bundles. Plus, if we ever want to change to a different charting library, we simply update those chart components. For me, this is the perfect example how not to do it: I'm using Chakra-Ui with Next v12.1.0, tree shaking isn't working. This chunk is the collection of all our components packaged into a single file by webpack. This is why taking the time to make the improvements in the first recommended list. The first thing we can do to reduce the bundle size is to use dynamic imports within Next.js. I had a feeling that this step would be the one that brought the most results, but I wasnt expecting such an improvement! Next offers the possibility of fetching data on the server and using it on the client. Its generally assumed if you are code splitting, you are doing it with the sole intention of lazy loading those bundles. How can I improve the first loading of the page in Next.js? We then take these modules and create a new bundle with them. How do Chatterfang, Saw in Half and Parallel Lives interact? How do I return the response from an asynchronous call? There are other strategies and pitfalls to avoid with this, so be sure to check it out in part four. How to add Rive animations to the Flutter Project? In Next.js, we can create a next.config.js file to do extra things for us. There are two places to look at at this stage: if there is a large file imported and if there are a lot of smaller files. Below you will notice the index and about pages are 795 kB in the First Load JS column. Compiling is transforming code into something parsable by browsers. Fixing some libraries can result in lib change, making things harder. With 48 million downloads per week, the library is prevalent, and using it properly is critical and a quick fix. If you like this article please share it, follow me, read my other articles and/or sign up to Medium with my referral link below. Tolkien a fan of the original Star Trek series? Edit on github Hopefully by the end of this post you should have reduced your bundle size. Shrink code to take up the least amount of possible bytes. Note: TTI is dependent on the main thread usage. By doing this, we optimized the initial JavaScript load from Next.js and now the website will load all the initial components on the page first, then lazy-load the less critical ones later. npm install --save-dev webpack-bundle-analyzer. Hopefully by the end of this post you should have reduced your bundle size. Get the size of the screen, current web page and browser window. You can also register for my newsletter to receive an email when I publish a new article! The syntax is a bit different from your traditional import statement, How do magic items work when used by an Avatar of a God? Doing so means that Next won't be able to compile the page on the server. Sign up to read my articles and others at: https://medium.com/@robertsavian/membership I will receive a portion of the membership fee, pop and push: Learning Javascripts Array Methods by Building Them, Applying the Liskov Substitution Principle in React. With the wide array of JavaScript libraries and frameworks commonly used to develop these web apps, the ability to shrink the size of JavaScript bundles has never been more important. Tree shaking, or just using modules we call, is useful both for our codebase and for third-party libraries, particularly utility libraries. That means that even if the page is interactive if there is a long-running task taking up the main thread, the TTI benchmark will wait for the long-running job to be complete. A list would take as much space as the table - if we want to display it readable (sizes on the same tab etc.) We can add the AnyChartScript into the Next.js Head built-in component so that the charts that are within the AboutPage component will work properly. Having your rules ordered like that will result into 1% to 3% smaller CSS bundles. Next up, add cssnano to your postcss.config.js. compression is a process in which the size of a file is reduced by re-encoding the file data to use fewer bits of storage than the original file. You can find more here, Next.js Dynamic Import. Aim for green for performant applications. The docs also mention what the Size and First Load JS columns mean: Size The number of assets downloaded when navigating to the page client-side. To accomplish this, we need to use the next.config.js file and the webpack Externals option. This means it's possible to dynamically import the components that arent displayed by default. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Note that well enable the source maps on the production of analysis, but this should be removed at the end. Below, you can see we have access to webpack and the config object. Lodash package has a lot of helper utilities which for the most part won't be used in common application. Note: I recommend looking into CI tools that fit into your flow to measure performance. Check out my post going in depth on tree shaking. Gzip loves repetition and it can optimize its compression through properly indexed re-usable keywords. I dont know how much an optimized bundle should weigh or how many files it should contain. This is known as code-splitting. 3K. Tree shaking is dead code elimination on a project or library level. With the emergence of frameworks like AngularJS around 2011 and the popularization of Single Page Apps, usage of JavaScript has exploded on the front end. Note that this isn't for everybody, your app may use advanced react features which are not compatible with preact, if you want to learn more about the differences between preact and react, you can read this article from the official preactjs documentation. I've just created my NextJS app, and the first load bundle size is about 1.5Mb. Removing these modules decreases the size of the main bundle. Besides, look at the methods that are executed on user inputs. To use the next-bundle-analyzer library, we have to add the following command on the package.json: "analyze": "ANALYZE=true next build". How do I modify the URL without reloading the page? The first step is to open our developer tools on any page, go to the audits tab, and run the audit. Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! I wont go into too many details in this article, but here is a quick summary of what I did for every library: Besides those actions, I did some library cleaning and replaced them with vanilla TypeScript since they didnt provide much improvement. The other file that is 724 kB is the AnyChart library chunk that was created by Next.js. There are a lot of under the hood optimizations that happen without the user noticing it. Dead code elimination and minification have been used for some time in many languages, and are the first strategies well employ in our build process. Reducing JavaScript Bundle Size Part One: Measurements and high-level views of strategies Welcome to part one of a series focused on reducing JavaScript bundle size. Also, Next.js allows you to build static and server-side apps. These features were removed to decrease the bundle size and ensure the codebase is maintainable for the future. To do this, we create a single component for each chart type that we want to use in our application. This way, youll only load the methods when you need them instead of every time. 2.21 MB bundle size with analyze (+1.843%) 2.06 MB bundle size with source-map-explorer (+1.980%) 72 as the average performance score (+2.2) 568 kB loaded with 1.6 MB resources on network inspector ( -10.127%) Dynamically importing the components has an enormous impact on the size of the loaded JS when opening the website. What video game is being played in V/H/S/99? Equivalence of symplectic condition and canonical transformation. If the user wanted another page, they made a subsequent request to the server. Success! There are two apparent winners, using dynamic imports for UI elements that arent displayed by default and investigating the libraries that weigh down the bundle. Not every step has the same impact, and the results you might experience will significantly vary. Gzip and Brotli are the most commonly used compression techniques, and you can use their Webpack plugins to simplify the entire process. Look for all the {VARIABLE && in your code, and you should see some components that can be changed. The performance tab allows us to see a detailed flame chart, as well as other metrics, and analyze what is explicitly loading, calling, and compiling at a given time. However, the size change will be dependent on how much the library is used on your project. Using the approach above will solve that issue because we used {ssr: false}. There was a time when we would send a couple of JavaScript files to make our webpage more interactive. Note though, the impact performance and load times have on our users can differ significantly. We can take it one step further by not bundling in the npm package version but instead using the CDN version of the library. react-code-blocs: removed the library and directly used react-syntax-highlight instead since it was possible to only import what was required. Include a single version/instance of each library Next supports ES2020 dynamic imports. Beyond that, some of the benefits we get from the strategies outlined in this series, such as code-splitting, are not only great for reducing the bundle size, they also have a strong reflection on the render time of our app. Next.js 13: Layouts, React Server Components (async/await), Streaming. Besides, having the data on page loads reduces the number of network calls. https://medium.com/@robertsavian/membership. Below is an example chart called SimpleBarChart. build: { analyze: true, } Avoid full references to modules It is always better to avoid using full references to some modules, in case we are using only a handful of methods from them. This will load the library any time the application is loaded: Another option is to only load the library on pages that have charts on them. First you are going to need to install preact: After you have installed go to next.config.js and add this: Now you should be able to run npm run build and see how your app bundle size has decreased, // Replace React with Preact only in client production build. Of course, there are many more tools and tactics at our disposal outside of what we talked about here. This approach is the most flexible and allows you to load libraries in whenever you need to: Since the AnyChart-React library does not have a TypeScript Declaration File, you can create an anychart-react.d.ts file and add the following to get TypeScript to ignore the library: For the AnyChart library itself, all you need is to add the following import to your files: Check out the example code on my Next.js/AnyChart branch or the sample website to see it in action. This simple change reduced the initial load by 10%, which is significant. Reduce your bundle size by code-splitting Instead of keeping all your code in the one bundle, you can split it up into multiple bundles to be loaded separately. Consider all of the users that visit your site everyday and that can be thousands of seconds wasted. To help with the analysis, Ill be using the following dependencies and packages to analyze and visualize my bundle: Here is my current NextJS config file at the beginning of my investigations. You can see them in the following screenshots. This is bad since Next wont be able to build this page and have it pre-generated. During my investigation, I discovered that some libraries were expensive and that react-syntax-highlight had a lot of files that were taking up a lot of space. We are using create-react-app as its a pure boilerplate to visualize changes, without needing to step into the code! I can already see room elements that have to change so we can deliver even faster websites! I work at a startup called Parallax, where were building a resource planning and project accounting app with Next.js. Lets glance at some case studies to cement this assumption further. A play by play in successfully reducing first load JS bundle size by 25% with code splitting via dynamic imports, and getting all NextJS pages into the green zone.
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